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MCQ ON HEREDITY AND EVOLUTION CLASS 10

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MCQ ON HEREDITY AND EVOLUTION CLASS 10

POINTS TO REMEMBER

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Accumulation of Variations During Reproduction

■ Sexual reproduction helps in maximising the numbers of successful variations.

■ The differences in the body designs are inherited from a generation to next generation and with more differences in next generation along with differences of previous generation. These differences goes on accumulating along with new differences at each generation.

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■ Sexual reproduction generates great diversity than asexual reproduction. For example, a sugar- cane field and number of animals including human beings. Small differences among individuals are called variations.

■ Depending upon the nature of variation, different individuals have different kinds of advantages. Greater advantage more chances of survival in changed environment.

■ Selection of variants by environmental factors forms the basis of evolutionary process (= natural selection)

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MCQ ON HEREDITY AND EVOLUTION CLASS 10

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1. Exchange of genetic material takes place in:

(a) Vegetative reproduction

(b) Asexual reproduction

(c) Sexual reproduction

 (d) Budding

Ans. (c)

2. Two pink coloured flowers on crossing resulted in 1 red, 2 pink and 1 white flower progeny. The nature of the cross will be:

(a) Double fertilization

(b) Self pollination

(c) Cross fertilization

(d) No fertilization

Ans. (b)

3. A cross between a tall plant (TT) and short pea plant (tt) resulted in progeny that were all tall plants because:

(a) tallness is the dominant trait

(b) shortness is the dominant trait

(c) tallness is the recessive trait

Ans. (a)

4. Which of the following statement is incorrect?

(a) For every hormone there is a gene.

(b) For every protein there is a gene.

(c) For production of every enzyme there is a gene.

(d) For every molecule of fat there is a gene.

Ans. (d)

5. If a round, green seeded pea plant (RR yy) is crossed with wrinkled, yellow seeded pea plant, (rr YY) the seeds produced in F1 generation are:

(a) Round and yellow

(b) Round and green

(c) Wrinkled and green

(d) Wrinkled and yellow

Ans. (a)

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6. In human males all the chromosomes are paired perfectly except one. This/These unpaired chromosome is/are:

(i) Large chromosome

(ii) Small chromosome

(iii) Y-chromosome

(iv) X-chromosome

(a) (i) and (ii)

(b) (iii) only

(c) (iii) and (iv)

(d) (ii) and (iv)

Ans. (c)

7. The maleness of a child is determined by:

(a) the X chromosome in the zygote

(b) the Y chromosome in zygote

(c) the cytoplasm of germ cell which determines the sex

(d) sex is determined by chance

Ans. (b)

 8. A zygote which has an X-chromosome inherited from the father will develop into a

(a) boy

(b) girl

(c) X-chromosome does not determine the sex of a child

(d) either boy or girl

Ans. (b)

9. Select the incorrect statement:

(a) Frequency of certain genes in a population change over several generation resulting in evolution

(b) Reduction in weight of the organism due to starvation is genetically controlled

(c) Low weight parents can have heavy weight progeny

(d) Traits which are not inherited over generations do not cause evolution.

Ans. (b)

10. Two pea plants one with round green seeds (RRyy) and another with wrinkled yellow (rrYY) seeds produce F1 progeny that have round, yellow (RrYy) seeds. When F_{1} plants are selfed, the progeny will have new combination from the following: F2

(i) Round, yellow

(ii) Round, green

(iii) Wrinkled, yellow

(iv) Wrinkled, green

 (a) (i) and (ii)

 (b) (i) and (iv)

 (c) (ii) and (iii)

 (d) (i) and (iii)

Ans. (b)

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11. The two versions of a trait (character) which are brought in by the male and female gametes are situated on:

(a) copies of the same chromosome

(b) two different chromosomes       

(c) sex chromosomes

(d) any chromosome

Ans. (a)

12. Which of the following statements is not true with respect to variation?

(a) All variations in a species have equal chance of survival.

(b) Change in genetic composition result in variation.

(c) Selection of variants by environmental factors forms

(d) Variation is minimum is asexual reproduction.

Ans. (a)

13. Select the statements that describe characteristics of genes:

(i) genes are specific sequence of bases in a DNA molecule

(ii) a gene does not code for proteins

(iii) in individuals of a given species, a specific gene is located on a particular chromosome

(iv) each chromosome has only one gene

(a) (i) and (ii)  

(b) (i) and (iii)

(c) (i) and (iv)

(d) (ii) and (iv)

Ans. (b)

14. New species may be formed if:

(i) DNA undergoes significant changes in germ cells.

(ii) Chromosome number changes in the gamete

(iii) There is no change in the genetic material

(iv) mating does not take place

 (a) (i) and (ii)                                                           

 (b) (i) and (iii)

 (c) (ii), (iii) and (iv)

 (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)

Ans. (a)

15. A basket of vegetables contains carrot, potato, radish and tomato. Which of them represent the correct homologous structures?

(a) Carrot and potato (c) Radish and carrot.

(b) Carrot and tomato

(c) Radish and carrot.

(d) Radish and potato

Ans. (c)

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16. Select the correct statement.

(a) Tendril of a pea plant and phylloclade of Opunita are homologous

(b) Tendril of a pea plant and phylloclade of Opunita are analogous

(c) Wings of birds and limbs of lizards are analogous

(d) Wings of birds and wings or bat are homologous

Ans. (c)

17. If the fossil of an organism is found in the deeper layers of earth, then we can predict that:

(a) the extinction of organism has occurred recently

(b) the extinction of organisms has occurred thousands of years ago

(c) the fossil position in the layers of earth is not related to its time of extinction

(d) time of extinction cannot be determined

Ans. (b)

18. A trait in an organisms is influenced by:

(a) paternal DNA only

(b) material DNA only

(c) both material and paternal DNA

(d) neither by paternal nor by maternal DNA

Ans. (c)

19. Select the group which shares maximum number of Common characters:

(a) two individuals of a species

(b) two specie of a genus

(c) two genera of a family

(d) two genera of two families

Ans. (a)

20. According to the evolutionary theory, formation of a new species is generally due to:

(a) sudden creation by nature

(b) accumulation of variations over several generations

(c) clones formed during asexual reproduction

(d) movement of individuals from one habitat to another

Ans. (b)

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21. From the list given below, select the character which can be acquired but not inherited:

(a) colour of eye

(b) colour of skin

(c) size of body

(d) nature of hair

Ans. (c)

22. In peas a pure tall plants (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt). The ratio of pure tall plants to short plant in F2 is

(a) 1: 3

(b) 3: 1

(c) 1: 1

(d) 2: 1

Ans. (b)

23. The number of pairs(s) of sex chromosomes in the zygote of human is:

(a) One

(b) Two

(c) three

(d) four

Ans. (a)

24. The theory of evolution of species by natural selection was given by:

(a) Mendel

(b) Darwin

(c) Morgan

(d) Lamarck

Ans. (b)

25 Some dinosaurs had feathers although they could not fly but birds have feathers that help them to fly. In the context of evolution this means that:

(a) reptiles have evolved from birds

(b) these is no evolutionary connection between reptiles and birds

(c) feathers are homologous structure in both the organisms

(d) birds have evolved from reptiles

Ans. (d)

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ALSO VISIT :

10TH CBSE

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