10TH ICSE CLASS MCQ ON ABSORPTION BY ROOTS, important question on absorption by roots , mcq on Absorption by roots, Mcq for 10th class subject biology, biology mcq on topic absorption by roots, biology objective Question on topic absorption by roots
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CLASS 10TH ICSE MCQ ON ABSORPTION BY ROOTS
Translocation : Transport of substances in plants over longer distances through the vascular tissue (Xylem and Phloem) is called translocation.
Means of transport : The transport of material into and out of the cells is carried out by a number of methods. These are diffusion, faciliated diffusion and active transport.
Diffusion : Diffusion occurs from region of higher concentration to region of lower concentration across the permeable membrane. It is passive and slow process. No energy expenditure takes place.
Facilitated diffusion : The diffusion of hydrophilic substances along the concentration gradient through fixed membrane transport protein without in- volving energy expenditure is called facilitated diffusion. For this the membrane possess aquarporins and ion channels. No energy is utilized in this process.
Active transport : Active transport is carried by the movable carrier pro- teins (pumps) of membrane. Active transport uses energy to pump molecules against a concentration gradient from a low concentration to high concentration (uphill-transport). It is faster than passive transport.
Water potential : The chemical potential of water is called water potential.
Water potential of pure water at standard temperature which is not under any pressure is taken to be zero (by convention).
Osmosis : Osmosis is movement of solvent or water molecules from the region of their higher diffusion pressure or free energy to the region of their lower diffusion pressure or free energy across a semi-permeable membrane.Water molecules move from higher water potential to lower water potential until equilibrium is reached.
Plasmolysis : Process of shrinkage of protoplasm in a cell due to exosmosis in hypertonic solution.
Casparian strip : It is the tangential as well as radial walls of endodermal cells having the deposition of water impermeable suberin.
Imbibition : Imbibition is the phenonmenon of adsorption of water or any other liquid by the solid particles of a substance without forming a solution.
Some examples of Imbibition :
(i) If a dry piece of wood is placed in water, it swells and increases in its volume.
(ii) If dry gum or pieces of agar-agar are placed in water, they swell and their volume increases.
(iii) When seeds are placed in water they swell up.
Mass flow : Mass flow is the movement of substances (water, minerals and food) in bulk from one point to another as a result of pressure differences between two points.
Transport of water in plants : Water is absorbed by root hairs, then water moves upto xylem by two pathways – apoplast and symplast pathway.
The transport of water to the tops of trees occurs through xylem vessels. The forces of adhesion and cohesion maintain a thin and unbroken columns of water in the capillaries of xylem vessels through which it travesl upward. Water is mainly pulled by transpiration from leaves.
(Cohesion-tension-transpiration pull Model)
Root pressure : A hydrostatic pressure existing in roots which pushes the water up in xylem vessels.
Guttation : The water loss in its liquid phase at night and early morning through special openings of vein near the tip of leaves.
Transpiration : The loss of water through stomata of leaves and other aerial parts of plants in form of water vapour.
Factors affecting transpiration : Temperature, light, humidity, wind speed, number and distribution of stomata, water status of plant.
Uptake and transport of mineral nutrients : Ions are absorbed by the roots by passive and active transport. The active uptake of ions require ATP energy. Specific proteins in membranes of root hair cells actively pump ions from the soil into the cytoplasm of epidermal cells and then xylem. The further transport of ions to all parts of the plant is carried through the transpiration stream.
The Pressure or Mass Flow Hypothesis : The glucose is prepared at the source by the process of photosynthesis and is converted to sucrose (sugar). This sugar is then moved into sieve tube cells by active transport. It produces hyper- tonic condition in phloem. Water in the adjacent xylem moves into phloem by osmosis. Due to osmotic (turgor) pressure, the phloem sap moves to the areas of lower pressure.
At the sink, osmotic pressure is decreased. The incoming sugar is actively transported out of the phloem and removed as complex carbohydrates (sucrose). As the sugar is removed, the osmotic pressure decreases, the water moves out of the phloem and returns to the xylem.
10TH ICSE CLASS MCQ ON ABSORPTION BY ROOTS// IMPORTANT OBJECTIVE QUESTION ON ABSORPTION BY ROOTS
MCQ
1. Dry seeds kept in water swell due to
(a) absorption
(b) diffusion
(c) imbibition
(d) none of these
2. Choose the correct statement/statements. Pumps in active transport are
A. Lipids that bind molecules to pass them through the membrane.
B. Transport molecules uphill.
C. These are specific transporters.
D. These are sensitive to inhibitors.
(a) A and C
(b) A, B and D
(c) B, C and D
(d) C and D
3.Which of the following is the unit of water potential ψ?
(a) Pascal
(b) Joule
(c) Newton
(d) Electron volt
4. Two cells A and B are contiguous. Cell A has osmotic pressure 10 atm, turgor pressure 7 atm and diffusion pressure deficit 3 atm. Cell B has osmotic pressure 8 atm, turgor pressure 3 atm and diffusion pressure deficit 5 atm. The result will be:
(a) No movement of water
(b) Movement of water from cell B to A
(c) Movement of water from cell A to B
(d) Equilibrium between the two
5.Which of the following is decreased during increase in humidity in the atmosphere?
(a) Transpiration
(b) Photosynthesis
(c) Respiration
(d) Glycolysis
6 : Solute potential Ψs is always
(a) positive
(b) zero
(c) negative
(d) one
7.Two types of molecules cross the membrane in the same direction, it is called as
(a) Uniport
(b) Symport
(c) Antiport
(d) Multiport
8.Diffusion rate is affected by
(a) temperature
(b) membrane permeability
(c) gradient of concentration
(d) all of these
9.Cells shrink in _________ solution.
(a) isotonic
(b) hypotonic
(c) hypertonic
(d) hypotonic and hypertonic
10.Which of the following is not true about diffusion?
(a) There is no expenditure of energy.
(b) Molecules move in Brownian motion.
(c) Substances moves from the region of higher concentration to the region of lower concentration.
(d) Diffusion depends on the type of living system.
11.Which of the following is true about osmosis?
(a) There is expenditure of energy.
(b) Molecules can not move in random motion during osmosis.
(c) Substances moves from the region of higher concentration to the region of lower concentration.
(d) osmosis depends on the type of membrane.
12.Water is lost in a liquid state in some plants through hydathodes. These hydathodes
(a) do not show any specificity in opening and closing
(b) remain closed during day
(c) remain closed at night
(d) remain always open
13.If pressure greater than atmospheric pressure is applied to pure water, the water potential
(a) increases
(b) decreases
(c) remains same
(d) atmospheric pressure does not affect water potential
14.Choose the correct sequence of water movement in the plants.
(a) Cortex, protoxylem, endodermis, root hair, pericycle, metaxylem
(b) Root hair, cortex, endodermis, pericycle, protoxylem, metaxylem
(c) Root hair, protoxylem, metaxylem, pericycle, cortex, endodermis
(d) Root hair, pericycle, endodermis, cortex, protoxylem, metaxylem
15.Wilting of a plant results from excessive
(a) respiration
(b) photosynthesis
(c) absorption
(d) transpiration
16.Cohesion theory of water movement in plants was put forth by
(a) Henry Dixon
(b) F. F. Blackman
(c) Melvin cycle
(d) Hans. A. Krebs
17. osmotic pressure is affected by
(a) temperature
(b) membrane permeability
(c) gradient of concentration
(d) all of these
18.When a plant is girdled (ringed)
(a) the root and shoot die at the same time
(b) the shoot dies first
(c) the root dies first
(d) neither root nor shoot will die
19.Choose the correct statement/statements. Active transport is featured by
A. Lipids that bind molecules to pass them through the membrane.
B. Transport molecules uphill.
C. These are specific transporters.
D. These are sensitive to inhibitors.
(a) A and C
(b) A, B and D
(c) B, C and D
(d) C and D
20. Guttation takes place during
(a) daytme
(b) night time
(c) early morning
(d) all the times
Answer key
- C
- C
- B
- B
- A
- A
- B
- D
- C
- D
- D
- A
- D
- B
- D
- A
- D
- B
- C
- C
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CLASS 10TH ICSE MCQ ON ABSORPTION BY ROOTS