Class 10th ICSE objective type question on Circular motion

What is the theory of circular motion?

In physics , uniform circular motion describes the motion of a body traversing a circular path at constant speed. Since the body describes circular motion, its distance from the axis of rotation remains constant at all times. Though the body’s speed is constant, its velocity is not constant: velocity, a vector quantity, depends on both the body’s speed and its direction of travel. This changing velocity indicates the presence of an acceleration; this centripetal acceleration is of constant magnitude and directed at all times towards the axis of rotation. This acceleration is, in turn, produced by a centripetal force which is also constant in magnitude and directed towards the axis of rotation.

In the case of rotation around a fixed axis of a rigid body that is not negligibly small compared to the radius of the path, each particle of the body describes a uniform circular motion with the same angular velocity, but with velocity and acceleration varying with the position with respect to the axis.

As an object moves in a circle, it is constantly changing its direction. An object undergoing uniform circular motion is moving with a constant speed. Nonetheless, it is accelerating due to its change in direction. The direction of the acceleration is inwards.

Uniform circular motion is a specific type of motion in which an object travels in a circle with a constant speed. For example, any point on a propeller spinning at a constant rate is executing uniform circular motion. Other examples are the second, minute, and hour hands of a watch.

10th ICSE Class MCQ on Circular motion

Types of Circular Motion.

• There are two types of circular motion mentioned below:
• Uniform circular motion.
• Non-uniform circular motion.
• Uniform Circular Motion.
• When the motion of an object in a circle is at a constant speed, it is called uniform circular motion.

What is the difference between non-uniform circular motion and uniform circular motion? Give examples.

Non-uniform Circular motion	Uniform Circular motion
Non-uniform circular motion implies the movement of an object along a circular path with variable speed.	Uniform circular motion implies the movement of an object along a circular path with constant speed.
Angular and tangential acceleration are non-zero.	Angular and tangential acceleration are zero.
Linear speed and angular speed of the particle vary with time.	Linear speed and angular velocity of the particle remains constant.
Kinetic energy of the particle varies with time.	Kinetic energy of the particle remains constant.
The net linear acceleration of the particle is not radial.	The net linear acceleration of the particle is radially inwards.
The magnitude of centripetal force is not constant.	The magnitude of centripetal force is constant.
The magnitude of centripetal acceleration in a non-uniform circular motion is not constant.	The magnitude of centripetal acceleration in a uniform circular motion is constant.
Example: Motion of a body on vertical circle, vertical circle with a string and bob, roller coaster, etc.	Example: Motion of the Earth around the Sun, second, minute and hour hands of watch, motion of cyclists on a circular track etc.

Important MCQ on Circular motion for 10th Class

ANSWER KEY

Que	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
ANS	3	3	1	1	3	4	2	2	3	3	1	1	1

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10th ICSE Class MCQ on Circular motion