Table of Contents
Structure of Earth UPSC Notes and Multiple Choice Questions
Earth’s interior is generally divided into three major layers: the crust, the mantle, and the core.
The structure of the world That is divided into layers To study the core of the world
- The structure of the earth is divided into four major components: the crust, the mantle, the outer core, and the inner core. Each layer has a unique chemical composition, physical state, and can impact life on Earth’s surface. Movement in the mantle caused by variations in heat from the core, cause the plates to shift, which can cause earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. These natural hazards then change our landscape, and in some cases, threaten lives and property.
- Core, mantle, and crust are divisions based on composition. The crust makes up less than 1 percent of Earth by mass, consisting of oceanic crust and continental crust is often more felsic rock. The mantle is hot and represents about 68 percent of Earth’s mass. Finally, the core is mostly iron metal. The core makes up about 31% of the Earth. Lithosphere and asthenosphere are divisions based on mechanical properties
- The asthenosphere is partially molten upper mantle material that behaves plastically and can flow.
IMPORTANT MCQS Structure of earth UPSC with answers
Question 1.
Where is the deepest mine in the world located?
(a) South America
(b) South Africa
(c) South India
(d) South Australia
Answer
Answer: (b) South Africa
Question 2.
The depth of the deepest mine in South Africa is
(a) one km
(b) two km
(c) three km
(d) four km
Answer
Answer: (d) four km
Question 3.
The upper most layer of the earth’s surface is called
(a) the crust
(b) the brust
(c) the roads
(d) the forest
Answer
Answer: (a) the crust
Question 4.
What is the radius of the earth?
(a) 3671 km
(b) 7163 km
(c) 6371 km
(d) 1736 km
Answer
Answer: (c) 6371 km
Question 5.
Any natural mass of mineral matter that makes up the earth’s crust is called a
(a) rock
(b) road
(c) sediment
(d) none of these
Answer
Answer: (a) rock
Question 6.
The sediments are transported and deposited by
(a) wind
(b) water
(c) wind and water
(d) none of these
Answer
Answer: (c) wind and water
Question 7.
The process of transformation of the rock from one form to another is known as
(a) road cycle
(b) food cycle
(c) rock cycle
(d) all of these
Answer
Answer: (c) rock cycle
Question 8.
Which rock is the molten magma made up of?
(a) Igneous
(b) Metamorphic
(c) Sedimentary
(d) None of these
Answer
Answer: (a) Igneous
Question 9.
What is the latin term of Igneous?
(a) Ignis
(b) Sedimentum
(c) Metamorphose
(d) None of these
Answer
Answer: (a) Ignis
Question 10.
Rocks which contain fossils are called
(a) metamorphic rocks
(b) igneous rocks
(c) core
(d) sedimentary rocks
Answer
Core
- At the planet’s center lies a dense metallic core. Scientists know that the core is metal for a few reasons. The density of Earth’s surface layers is much less than the overall density of the planet, as calculated from the planet’s rotation. If the surface layers are less dense than average, then the interior must be denser than average. Calculations indicate that the core is about 85 percent iron metal with nickel metal making up much of the remaining 15 percent. Also, metallic meteorites are thought to be representative of the core. If Earth’s core were not metal, the planet would not have a magnetic field. Metals such as iron are magnetic, but rock, which makes up the mantle and crust, is not. Scientists know that the outer core is liquid and the inner core is solid because S-waves stop at the inner core
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