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Belgium and Sri Lanka:
Belgium is a small country in Europe.
It has borders with Netherlands, France and Germany.
59% in the Flemish region speaks Dutch.
Another 40 % people live in Wallonia region and speaks French.
Remaining 1% of the Belgians speak Germany.In the capital city Brussels, 80% people speak French while 20% are Dutch-speaking.The minority French-speaking community was relatively rich and powerful.This was resented by the Dutch-speaking community who got the benefit of the economic development and education much later.
The tension between two communities was acuter in Brussels.Like other nations in the south Asia region, Sri Lanka has a diverse population.
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The Sinhala speaks are 74% and Tamil speakers are 18%.Among Tamils, there are two sub groups, Tamil natives of the country are called “Sri Lankan Tamils”; the rest whose forefathers came from India as a population workers during the colonial period, is called ‘Indian Tamils’.
Thus, two different sets of reasons can be given in favor of power sharing.
Firstly, power sharing is good because it helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups.
There is a second, deeper reason why power sharing is good for democracy. Power sharing is very spirit of democracy. A democratic rule involves sharing power with those affected by its exercise, and who have to live with it effects.
The first set of reasons PRUDENTIAL and the second moral.While prudential reasons stress that power sharing will bring out better outcomes, moral reasons emphasizes the very act of the power sharing as valuable.
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Forms of power sharing:
The idea of power sharing has emerged in opposition to the notions of undivided political power. For a long time, it was believed that all power of a government must reside in one person or group of a person located at one place. One basic principle of power sharing is that people are the source of all political power. In a good democratic government, due respect is given to diverse groups and views that exist in a society.Everyone has a voice in the shaping of public politics.
Therefore, it follows that in a democracy political powershould be distributed among as many citizens as possible. Power is shared among different organs of the government, such as the legislature, executive, and judiciary. Let us call this horizontal distribution of power because it allows different organs of the government placed at the same level to exercise different powers.
Power can be shared among governments at different levels – a general government for the entire country and governments at the provincial or regional level. The division of higher and lower levels of government is called the vertical division of power.Power may also be shared among different social groups, such as the religious and linguistic groups. ‘Community government’ is a good example of this arrangement.
Power sharing arrangement can also be seen in the way political parties, pressure groups and movements control or influence those in power.
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Table of Contents
POWER SHARING MCQ ONLINE TEST FOR MRSAFPI SOCIAL SCIENCE MCQs
1.Prudential reasons of power sharing stress on the facts that:
A. It ensures the stability of political order.
B. It reduces the possibility of conflict between social groups.
C. It gives a fair share to minority.
D. It is the very spirit of democracy.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) A, B
(b) A, C and D
(c) All are correct
(d) A, B & C
answer : d
2. . Consider the following statements about the
ethnic composition of Sri Lanka:
A. Major social groups are the Sinhala- speaking (74%) and Tamil-speaking (18%)?
B. Among the Tamils, there are two sub-groups, Sri Lankan Tamils and Indian Tamils
C. There are about 7% Christians, who are both Tamil and Sinhala.
D. Most of the Sinhala-speaking are Hindus or Muslims and most of the Tamil-speaking are Buddhists.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) A, B, C
(b) A, B, D
(c) B, C, D
(d) A, B, C, D
answer :a
3.Choose the correct sequence to indicate the following statements True (T) or False
(a)The Tamil speakers in Sri Lanka constitute 18 percent of its total population
(b) Sri Lankan Tamils are concentrated in South and East of the country
(c) Forefathers of Indian Tamils came in Sri Lanka as plantation works in ancient period
(d)Most of Sri Lankan Tamils are Hindus or Muslims
(A) TTFT
(B) TFFT
(C) FTTT
(D)FFTT
answer : b
4.Read the following statements and choose correct option:
(a) Sri Lankan Christians constitute 7 percent population of Sri Lanka
(b) Christians are both Sinhala and Hindi speakers
(c)They are concentrated in north and east of Sri Lanka
(d) Majority of Sri Lankan people speak Sinhala
(A) Only (1)
(B) Only (iv)
(C) (i), (ii)
(D) (1) and (iv)
answer :d
5.Belgium successfully solved its problem by
(A) Rejecting policy of majoritarianism
(B) Developing power sharing mechanism
(C) Respecting the interest of different communities
(D) All the above
answer :d
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