DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM CLASS 10 ICSE
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM CLASS 10 ICSE
Table of Contents
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM CLASS 10 ICSE
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Fill in the blanks.
(i) The glands with ducts are known as……..
(ii) ……… gland stimulates secretion of different hormones and is also responsible for growth.
(iii) Oxytocin is also known as………..
Ans. (i) exocrine glands
(ii) Pituitary
(iii) birth hormone
2. Some diseases are given below. Fill the blanks with the name of the glands whose secretions are responsible for these diseases.
(i) Acromegaly and….
(ii) Exophthalmia and…….
(iii) Diabetes mellitus and….
(iv) Addison’s disease and
Ans. (i) Pituitary
(ii) Thyroid
(iii) Pancreas
(iv) Adrenal gland
3. Complete the following paragraph by filling in the blanks (i) to (v) with appropriate words.
The amount of urine output is under the regulation of a hormone called (i)…… secreted by the (ii) …… lobe of the pituitary gland. If secretion of this hormone is reduced, there is an increased production of urine. This disorder is called (iii)………… Sometimes excess glucose is passed with urine due to hypo secretion of another hormone called (iv) …… leading to the cause of disease called (v)…..
Ans. (i) ADH
(ii) posterior
(iii) diabetes insipidus
(iv) insulin
(v) glucosuria
Match the columns
1. Match the following columns.
| Column I | Column II |
| A. Intercellular messengers | 1. Gonadotropins |
| B. TSH | 2. Glucocorticoids |
| C. ACTH | 3. Thyroid hormone |
| D. LH and FSH | 4. Hormones |
| 5. Acromegaly | |
| 6. Dwarfism |
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Ans. A – 4, B – 3, C – 2, D – 1
2. Match the following columns.
| Column I | Column II |
| A. Cretinism | 1. Hypersecretion of adrenal cortex |
| B. Diabetes insipidus | 2. Hyporsecretion of thyroxin |
| C. Exophthalmic Goitre | 3. Hyporsecretion of growth hormone |
| D. Adrenal virilism | 4. Hyporsecretion of vasopressin |
| E. Dwarfism | 5. Hyporsecretion of adrenal cortex |
| 6. Hypersecretion of growth hormone | |
| 7. Hypersecretion of thyroxin |
Ans. A – 2, B – 4, C – 7, D – 1, E – 3
3. Match the following columns.
| Column I | Column II |
| A. Islets Of Langerhans | 1. Decrease in sugar level |
| B. Endocrinology | 2. Mineralocorticoids |
| C. Pancreas | 3. Hypersecretion of adrenal cortex |
| D. Cushing’s syndrome | 4. Mineralocorticoids |
| E. Aldosterone | 5. Gonadotropin |
| 6. Thomas Addison | |
| 7. Both endocrine and exocrine |
Ans. A – 1, B – 6, C – 7, D – 3, E – 4
4. Match the following columns.
| Column I | Column II |
| A. Addison’s disease | 1. Anterior pituitary |
| B. Myxoedema | 2. Posterior pituitary |
| C. Acromegaly | 3. Adrenal cortex |
| D. Diabetes mellitus | 4. Thyroid |
| E. Diabetes insipidus | 5. Pancreas |
| 6. Parathyroid | |
| 7. Adrenal medulla |
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Ans. A – 3, B – 4, C – 1, D – 5, E – 2
Questions/Answers
1. Define the term ‘hormones’.
Ans. The secretions from specific cells or glands in the body which are poured into blood and act on target specific sites are called hormones.
2. Explain the term tropic hormone.
Ans. These are the hormones which stimulate other endocrine glands to produce their specific hormones.
3. Briefly explain the term diabetes insipidus.
Ans. Diabetes insipidus is the condition which occurs due to low secretion of hormone called vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone from the posterior lobe of pituitary gland.
4. Name the following.
(i) The gland that is also called hypothesis.
(ii) The condition which results in abnormally long bones, long lower jaw bone due to the Hypersecretion of a pituitary hormone.
(iii) The pituitary hormone which stimulates contraction of uterus during childbirth.
(iv) The hormone responsible for water exchange in renal tubules.
(v) The hormones secreted by Islets of Langerhans.
(vi) The hormone that releases glucose into the blood.
Ans. (i) Pituitary gland.
(ii) Acromegaly results in abnormally long bones, long lower jaw bone and is caused due to Hypersecretion of a pituitary hormone.
(iii) Oxytocin hormone secretes from posterior pituitary gland and stimulates the contractions of uterus during childbirth.
(iv) ADH/Vasopressin is responsible for exchange of water in renal tubules.
(v) Insulin and glucagon are the hormones secreted by the Islets of Langerhans.
(vi) Glucagon.
5. State the exact location of following structures given below.
(i) Thyroid gland
(ii) Adrenal gland
(iii) Pituitary gland
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Ans.(i) In the front of neck region.
(ii) Adrenal glands are situated above each kidney, as a cap-like structure.
(iii) It is located in a small bony cavity of the brain called sella tursica.
6. Give scientific reason for the following statements.
(i) Endocrine glands directly release their products into the blood.
(ii) Pituitary gland is called master gland.
(iii) Some women have facial hair like beard and moustache.
(iv) Except the growth hormone all other hormones of anterior pituitary are called trophic hormones.
Ans.(i) Endocrine glands are ductless glands and their products act as a distant site. Thus, they release their product directly into the blood.
(ii) Pituitary gland controls the secretion of hormones from other glands either directly or indirectly. Thus, it is called the master gland.
(iii) Some women have facial hair like beard and moustache due to the Hypersecretion of sexocorticoids from adrenal gland.
(iv). Except the growth hormone, all other hormones of anterior pituitary are called tropic hormones, because they have the ability to stimulate other endocrine glands to produce their specific hormones.
7. Differentiate between the following pair on the basis of what is given in bracket.
(i) Simple goiter and Exophthalmic goiter (cause of the disorder).
(ii) Diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus (cause/reason).
(iii) Acromegaly and Myxoedema (hyper or hypo secretion).
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Ans. (i) Difference between simple goiter and Exophthalmic goiter is as follows
| Simple Goitre | Exophthalmic Goitre |
| It is caused by the deficiency of iodine. | It is caused by the over activity of thyroid gland. |
(ii) Differences between diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus are as follows
| Diabetes Mellitus | Diabetes Insipidus |
| Caused by low secretion of ADH. | Caused by low secretion of insulin |
| Patient suffers from loss glucose in urine. | Patient suffers from loss of water. |
(iii) Difference between Acromegaly and Myxoedema is as follows
| Acromegaly | Myxoedema |
| It is caused due to oversecretion of growth hormone from pituitary gland in adults. | It is caused due to hyposecretion of thyroxin from thyroid gland in adults. |
8. Given below is the outline of the human body showing the important glands?
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(i) Name the glands marked A-D.
(ii) Name the hormone secreted by part B. Give one important function of this hormone.
(iii) Name the endocrine part of the gland labelled C.
(iv) Which part of the forebrain controls the gland labelled
(v) Name the gland that secretes the emergency hormone’.
Ans. (i) A-Pituitary
B-Thyroid
C-Pancreas
D-Adrenal
(ii) Thyroid gland produces thyroxin which controls the endocrine part of the gland and basal metabolic rate of the body.
(iii) The part ‘C’ represents the Islets of Langerhans (i.e. the endocrine part of the pancreas) which secrete two hormones, namely insulin and glucagon.
(iv) Pituitary gland controls the secretions of other endocrine glands of the body. Its secretions are controlled by hypothalamus.
(v) Adrenal gland produces adrenaline the emergency hormone.
9. The given diagram represents the location and structure of an endocrine gland. Study the same and answer the questions that follow.
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(i) Name the endocrine gland shown in the diagram.
(ii) Name the secretion of the gland which regulates basal metabolism.
(iii) Name the mineral element required for the synthesis of the above mentioned hormone.
(iv) Name the disease caused due to undersecretion of the above mentioned hormone in children.
(v) Name the disease caused due to Hypersecretion of the above mentioned hormone.
Ans. (i) The given diagram is of thyroid gland.
(ii) Thyroxine hormone, secreted by the thyroid gland is responsible for the regulation of normal basal metabolism of the body.
(iii) Thyroxine requires iodine in order to be synthesised.
(iv) Under secretion of thyroxin hormone causes cretinism in children.
(v) Hypersecretion of thyroxin hormone can cause Exophthalmic goiter.
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ALSO VISIT:
10th ICSE
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM CLASS 10 ICSE