DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
The Constitution of India provides for a single integrated judicial system with the Supreme Court at the apex, High Courts at the middle (state) level and District Courts at the local level.
It also provides for an independent and powerful judicial system.
Judiciary in India acts as the guardian protector of the Constitution and the fundamental rights of the people.
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
Indian judiciary system
- Supreme courts
- High courts
- District courts and Additional District judges
Functions of Judiciary
Supreme Court of India
- Its decisions are binding on all courts
- Can transfer judges of High Courts
- Can move cases from any court to itself Can transfer cases from one high court to another
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
High Court
- Can hear appeals from lower courts
- Can issue writs to restore fundamental rights
- Can deal with the cases within the jurisdiction of state
- Exercises superintendence and control over courts below it
District Court
- Deals with cases arising in the district
- Considers appeals on decisions given by lower courts
- Decides cases involving serious criminal offenses
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
Subordinate courts
- Consider cases of civil and criminal nature
Juridition of Supreme Court
Original Jurisdiction
Appellate Jurisdiction
writ Jurisdiction
Advisory Jurisdiction
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
Jurisdiction of High Court
- Every High Court enjoys original jurisdiction with respect to revenue and its collection, cases of succession, divorce etc.
- In its appellate Jurisdiction, it hears appeals from the lower courts in cases concerning sales-tax, income tax, copy right, patent-right etc. The High Court is a court of record and its proceedings and decisions are referred to in future cases.
- A High court can issue writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights or for any other such purpose.
- A High Court supervises the working of all subordinate courts and frames rules and regulations for the transaction of business.
- The High Court is empowered to interpret the constitution of India. It can review the laws of the State Legislature and may declare them null and void if they go against the provisions of the constitution.
- Again, if a High court is satisfied that a case pending in a lower court involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the constitution, it my dispose of the case itself.
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
Subordinate courts
- There are subordinate courts below the High court in each state.
- The courts are under the complete control of the High court. The lower court (e.g. Nyaya Panchayat or Munsiffs court) deals with minor cases while the higher courts (e.g., subordinate Judge’s court or District Judge’s court) deal with important cases.
- Appeals lie to the higher courts from the lower courts. An appeal may also lie to the High Court against the decisions of the District judge’s court or the Session Judge’s court.
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
Salient Features of Indian Judiciary
1. Single and Integrated Judicial System
- The Constitution establishes a single integrated judicial system for the whole of India.
- The Supreme Court of India is the highest court of the country and below it are the High Courts at the state level.
- Other courts (Subordinate Courts) work under the High Courts.
- The Supreme Court controls and runs the judicial administration of India.
- All courts in India form links of a single judicial system.
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
2. Independence of Judiciary:
The Constitution of India makes judiciary truly independent.
It provides for:
(i) Appointment of judges by the President,
(ii) High qualifications for appointment as judges,
(iii) Removal of judges by a difficult method of impeachment,
(iv) High salaries, pension and other service benefits for judges,
(v) Independent establishment for the Judiciary, and
(vi) Adequate powers and functional autonomy for the Judiciary.
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
3. Judiciary as the Interpreter of the Constitution
- The Constitution of India is a written and enacted constitution.
- The right to interpret and clarify the Constitution has been given to the Supreme Court.
- It is the final interpreter of the provisions of the Constitution of India.
4. Judicial Review
- The Constitution of India is the supreme law of the land.
- The Supreme Court acts as the interpreter and protector of the Constitution.
- It is the guardian of the fundamental rights and freedoms of the people.
- For performing this role, it exercises the power of judicial review.
- The Supreme Court has the power to determine the constitutional validity of all laws.
5. High Court for each states as well a Provision for Joint High Courts
- The Constitution lays down that there is to be a High Court for each state.
However, two or more states can, by mutual consent, have a Joint High Court
6. Supreme Court as the Arbiter of legal disputes between the Union and States
The Constitution gives to the Supreme Court the jurisdiction in all cases of disputes:
- (i) Between the Government of India and one or more states,
- (ii) Between the Government of India and any state or states on one side and one or more states on the other, and
- (iii) Between two or more states.
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
7. Guardian of Fundamental Rights
- Indian judiciary acts as the guardian of fundamental rights and freedoms of the people.
- The people have the Right to Constitutional Remedies under which they can seek the protection of the courts for preventing a violation or for meeting any threat to their rights.
- The Supreme Court and the High Courts have the power to issue writs for this purpose.
8. Separation of Judiciary from the Executive
- The Constitution of India provides for a separation between the judiciary and the other two organs of the government.
- The judiciary is neither a branch of the executive nor in any way subordinate to it.
- The judicial administration in India is oraganised and run in accordance with the rules and orders of the Supreme Court.
9. Open Trial
- The courts in India are free.
- These conduct open trials.
- The accused is always given full opportunity to defend himself.
- The state provides free legal aid to the poor and needy.
10. Judicial Activism
- Indian Judicial System has been becoming more and more active.
- The Supreme Court has been coming out with judicial decisions and directives aimed at active protection of public interest and human rights.
- Judiciary has been giving directives to public officials for ensuring a better security for the rights of the public.
- The Public Interest Litigation system has been picking up. The system of Lok Adalats has also taken a proper shape and health.
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
11. Public Interest Litigation System
- Under this system the courts of law in India can initiate and enforce action for securing any significant public or general interest which is being adversely affected or is likely to be so by the action of any agency, public or private.
- It provides for an easy, simple, speedier and less expensive system of providing judicial relief to the aggrieved public. With all these features, the Indian Judicial System is an independent, impartial, free, powerful and efficient judicial system.
Table of Contents
OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
1. When was the Supreme Court of India first inaugurated?
A. 15th August, 1947
B. 26th November, 1949
C. 28th January, 1950
D. 30th January, 1949
2. Who appoints the judges of the Supreme Court?
A. Prime Minister
B. Chief Justice of India
C. Lok Sabha
D. President
3. Who is appointed as the Chief Justice of India?
A. The President appoints the Chief Justice of India on his sole discretion
B. The senior-most judge of the Supreme Court is appointed as the Chief Justice of India
C. The panel of judges of Supreme Court elect a Chief Justice of India from amongst themselves
D. The Chief Justice of India is elected by the voting of Lok Sabha members
4. Where is the declared seat of the Supreme Court situated?
A. Delhi
B. Mumbai
C. Chandigarh
D. Allahabad
5. What does the term ‘judicial review’ mean?
A. A review of the judicial structure of the system
B. it is the authority vested in the hands of Supreme Court to examine whether some legislative enactments or executive orders of both Central and State governments is following the Constitution of India or not
C. Judicial review means the power vested in High Courts to challenge Supreme Court of India
D. none of the above
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
6. Who was the first Chief Justice of India?
A. Mehr Chand Mahajan
B. H.J. Kania
C. Y. V. Chandrachud
D. H. L. Dattu
7. High court judges in India are appointed by [Previous year, 2016]
A. President
B. Prime minister
C. Chief justice
D. Governor
8. Public Interest Litigation (PIL) may be linked with
A. judicial sanctity
B. judicial intervention
C. judicial review
D. judicial activism
9. Which of the following state/Union territories have a common High Court?
A. Assam and Bengal
B. Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir
C. Uttar Pradesh and Bihar
D. Punjab, Haryana and Chandigarh
10. Chief Justices of the Supreme Court hold office till they attain the age of
A. 65 Years
B. 62 Years
C. 58 Years
D. 60 Years
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
11. The main function of the judiciary is :
A. law formulation
B. law adjudication
C. law application
D. law execution
12. All proceedings in the Supreme Court and in every High Court will be in:
A. Hindi or English
B. Hindi and English
C. Hindi
D. English
13. The Federal court of India was established in
A. 1937
B. 1935
C. 1947
D. 1946
14. The Supreme Court consists of a Chief Justice and
A. Twenty five Judges
B. Nine Judges
C. Thirty three Judges
D. Seven Judges
15. In which of the following cases, the Supreme Court of India enunciated the ‘Doctrine of Basic Structure’?
A. Menka Gandhi
B. A.K. Gopalan
C. Keshvanand Bharti
D. Golaknath
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
16. The ‘Due Process of Law’ is the characteristics of the judicial system of
A. U.S.A
B. U.K.
C. India
D. France
17. A Judge of the Supreme Court retires at the age of
A. 65 years
B. 50 years
C. 58 years
D. 55 years
18. Justice is essentially a
A. Social concept
B. Legal concept
C. Moral concept
D. Complex concept combining all the above concepts
19. The right to seek advisory opinion of the Supreme Court on any question of law or fact belongs to :
A. All of these
B. the President
C. High Courts
D. the Governor
20. The power to enlarge the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India with respect to any matter included in the Union List of Legislative Powers rests with
A. The Union Ministry of Law, Justice and Company Affairs
B. The Chief Justice of India
C. The Parliament
D. The President of India
Answer key
| 1.c 2.d 3.b 4.d 5.b 6.b 7.a 8.d 9.d 10.a | 11.b 12.d 13.a 14.c 15.c 16.a 17.a 18. d 19.b 20.c |
ALSO VISIT: SSC-CHSL
| Attempt the Quiz | Attempt the Quiz | Attempt the Quiz | Also Study: | Also Study: |
| Quiz 1 on number system | Quiz 2 on Number System | Comprehension Test | New Economic Policy | SAMPLE PAPER SSC CHSL |
| Quiz on number series | Quiz on HCF LCM | Quiz on wrong series | Alphabet series | |
| Top 50 mcqs on Economics | Common Errors MCQ QUIZ | delhi sultanate and bhakti movement | Selecting words | |
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL
DOWNLOAD MOBILE APPLICATION TO LEARN MORE: OUR JUDICIARY SYSTEM FOR SSC CHSL